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Economics
of Climate Change, Adaptation and Decision Support in Europe
Paul
Watkiss Associates specialises in research and policy support for
government and public sector organisations on the economics of
climate change and adaptation policy.
A number of recent projects are summarised below.
Clyde
Re:Built |
Resilient Regions: Clyde Re:Built
is a project seeking to catalyse a transformational approach
to addressing the impacts of climate change in the Glasgow
City Region. It is led by Climate Ready Clyde (a regional
climate initiative) with support from Sniffer, Creative
Carbon Scotland, and Paul Watkiss Associates. The project is
funded by the European Union’s climate innovation hub, EIT
Climate-KIC. The project has four key aims, which are to:
- Develop a Theory of Change for
Adaptation in the City Region,
- Develop Glasgow City Region’s
Adaptation Strategy and a transformative adaptation
portfolio blueprint,
- Develop an adaptation solutions
portfolio; and
- Develop a portfolio of bankable
projects and look to scale-up with potential investors.
http://climatereadyclyde.org.uk/clyde-rebuilt-v2/
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COACCH |
COACCH: CO-designing the
Assessment of Climate CHange costs
COACCH is an
innovative research project that gathers leading experts on
climate change sciences from 14 European research
institutions.
The projects aims to
advance knowledge regarding climate change impacts and
policy that can be used directly by stakeholder communities.
under grant agreement No 776479.
Further
Details are available on the COACCH website:
https://www.coacch.eu/
As well as leading the co-design
process, PWA has led the development of the COACCH policy
briefs.
Policy Brief 1: The
Economic Cost of Climate Change in Europe: Synthesis Report
on State of Knowledge and Key Research Gaps
Open in new window
Policy Brief 2: The
Economic Cost of Climate Change in Europe: Synthesis Report
on COACCH Interim Results
Open in new window
This project has received funding
from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and
innovation programme.
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Committee on Climate Change |
Committee on Climate Change:
Impacts of climate change on meeting Government outcomes in
England
This project assessed how climate
change might affect the ability of Government to achieve
existing policy outcomes. The research focussed on ten case
studies related to fisheries, green infrastructure, heat
impacts on health, new infrastructure investment, peatlands,
plant pathogens, soil health, food supply chains, water
stress and wine production. PWA undertook a high-level
assessment of the impacts (and costs) of not achieving the
goals and outcomes due to climate change, then the potential
costs and benefits of additional adaptation. In the case of
wine production and green infrastructure, the assessment
considered what was needed to realise the potential benefits
of climate change for meeting associated goals.
More details and the full report are
available at:
www.theccc.org.uk/publication/impacts-of-climate-change-on-meeting-government-outcomes-in-england-paul-watkiss-associates/
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UK Climate Change |
UK Climate Change Risk
Assessment 3
PWA is leading the methodological
development for the UK’s third
Climate Change Risk Assessment.
www.theccc.org.uk/publications/third-uk-climate-change-risk-assessment/
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OECD |
OECD: Climate Change Risks
and Adaptation: Linking Policy and Economics
This study undertook a detailed
review on the policy and economics of adaptation. It
included a detailed review of the costs and benefits of
adaptation led by PWA (Chapter 4) and a review of the
lessons on the mainstreaming and policy implementation of
adaptation (Chapter 6). The work was published in an OECD
book.
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ECONADAPT
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ECONADAPT
is an EC FP7 research project whose purpose is to support
adaptation planning through building the knowledge base on
the economics of adaptation to climate change and converting
this into practical information for decision makers.
http://econadapt.eu/
Within
the project PWA is leading the design of the policy
framework and dissemination activities and also contributing
to the international development assistance case study.
Project
Flyer -
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in new window
ECONADAPT
Policy Report on Costs and Benefits of Adaptation
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in new window
Summary
of the international case study in Rwanda
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in new window
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Climate
Change & Cost
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Climate
change & the cost of living -
this
research, for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, considers how
climate change could affect the costs of living at the
household level in the UK and the implications for low
income households.
Download
the project
summary, full
report and annexes
(opens in new window)
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IMPACT2C
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The
IMPACT2C project, an FP7 funded project RTD,
aims to help provide information and evidence on the
impacts of 2°C global warming for Europe and other
key vulnerable global regions.
http://www.hzg.de/mw/impact2c/
PWA
is producing a series of policy briefs on the
project, as well as working on impact and adaptation
tasks.
Download
the air pollution and health impacts assessment,
Deliverable 8 (opens
in new window) |
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Policy
Brief 1:
Policy
Update on 2C Warming: Analysis of early IMPACT2C
climate modelling results.
Open
in new window
Policy
Brief 2:
IMPACT2C
modelling results: climate change and sea-level rise
from a 2°C climate. Open
in new window Policy
Brief 3: What
does 2°C of
warming mean for global vulnerability hot spots? Open
in new window
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European
Environment Agency
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PWA
contributed as an author on the recent EEA reports on
climate change impacts and adaptation (Section 4.3.6:
Costs and benefits of adaptation).
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| Climate
change, impacts and vulnerability in Europe (2012)
Open
in new window |
Adaptation
in Europe - Addressing risks and opportunities from
climate change in the context of socio-economic
developments (2013) Open
in new window |
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MEDIATION
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The
MEDIATION Adaptation Platform (http://www.mediation-project.eu)
provides scientific and technical information about climate
change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation options. Paul
Watkiss led the development of the policy briefing notes on
adaptation decision making.
Open
Mediation Policy Briefing notes in new window
Method
Overview.
Watkiss,
P. and Hunt, A. (2013). Method Overview: Decision
Support Methods for Adaptation, Briefing Note 1.
Summary of Methods and Case Study Examples from the
MEDIATION Project. Funded by the EC’s 7FWP
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Cost-effectiveness
analysis
Watkiss,
P. and Hunt, A. (2012). Cost-effectiveness analysis:
Decision Support Methods for Adaptation, MEDIATION
Project, Briefing Note 2. Funded by the EC’s 7FWP
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Robust
Decision Making
Watkiss,
P. and Dynzynski, J (2013). Robust Decision Making:
Decision Support Methods for Adaptation, MEDIATION
Project, Briefing Note 3. Funded by the EC’s 7FWP
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Real
Options Analysis
Watkiss,
P. and Hunt, A, Blyth, W (2013). Real Options
Analysis: Decision Support Methods for Adaptation,
MEDIATION Project, Briefing Note 4.
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Portfolio
Analysis
Hunt,
A, and Watkiss, P (2013). Portfolio Analysis:
Decision Support Methods for Adaptation, MEDIATION
Project, Briefing Note 5. Funded by the EC’s 7FWP
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Multi-Criteria
Analysis
Van
Ierland , E.C. , de Bruin, K. and Watkiss, P.
(2013). Multi-Criteria Analysis: Decision Support
Methods for Adaptation, MEDIATION Project, Briefing
Note 6. Funded by the EC’s 7FWP
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Analytic
Hierarchy Process
Bharwani,
S., Varela-Ortega, C., Blanco, I., Esteve, P.,
Juarez, E., Trombi, G., Moriondo, M., Bindi, M.,
Devisscher, T., Taylor, R. and Watkiss, P. (2013).
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Decision Support
Methods for Adaptation, MEDIATION Project, Briefing
Note 7. Funded by the EC’s 7FWP
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Social
Network Analysis
Bharwani,
S., Downing, T.E., Varela-Ortega, C., Blanco, I.,
Esteve, P., Carmona, G., Taylor R., Devisscher, T.,
Coll Besa, M. Tainio, A., Ballard, D. and Watkiss,
P. (2013). Social Network Analysis: Decision Support
Methods for Adaptation, MEDIATION Project, Briefing
Note 8. Funded by the EC’s 7FWP
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Adaptation
Turning Points
Werners
et al. (2013). Adaptation Turning Points: Decision
Support Methods for Adaptation, MEDIATION Project,
Briefing Note 9.
Open
Mediation Policy Briefing notes in new window
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| ClimateCost |
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ClimateCost
(the Full Costs of Climate Change) was a major
research project on the economics of climate change,
funded from the European Community's Seventh
Framework Programme. The objective of the project is
to advance knowledge in three areas: long-term
targets and mitigation policies, costs of inaction
(the economic effects of climate change), the costs
and benefits of adaptation. Paul Watkiss was the
Research Director of the project and PWA led the
technical management of the project.
The
project produced a series of policy briefs.
Details of the project and publications are
available at - www.climatecost.cc
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1
- European and Global Climate Change Projections
Christensen,
O. B, Goodess, C. M. Harris, I, and Watkiss, P.
(2011). European
and Global Climate Change Projections: Discussion of
Climate Change Model Outputs, Scenarios and
Uncertainty in the EC RTD ClimateCost Project.
In Watkiss, P (Editor), 2011.
The ClimateCost Project. Final Report. Volume
1: Europe. Published by the Stockholm Environment
Institute, Sweden, 2011. ISBN 978-91-86125-35-6.
Download
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2
– Sea Level Rise
Brown
S, Nicholls RJ, Vafeidis A, Hinkel J, and Watkiss P
(2011). The Impacts and Economic Costs of Sea-Level
Rise and the Costs and Benefits of Adaptation.
Summary of Results from the EC RTD ClimateCost
Project. In
Watkiss, P (Editor), 2011.
The ClimateCost Project. Final Report.
Published by the Stockholm Environment Institute,
Sweden, 2011. ISBN 978-91-86125-35-6.
Download
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3
– River Floods
Feyen,
L. and Watkiss, P. (2011). Technical Policy Briefing
Note 3. The Impacts and Economic Costs of River
Floods in Europe, and the Costs and Benefits of
Adaptation. Results from the EC RTD ClimateCost
Project. In Watkiss, P (Editor), 2011. The
ClimateCost Project. Final Report. Published by the
Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden, 2011.
ISBN978-91-86125-35-6. Download
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4
– Energy
Mima
S, Criqui P, and Watkiss P (2011). The Impacts and
Economic Costs of Climate Change on Energy in
Europe. Summary of Results from the EC RTD
ClimateCost Project.
In Watkiss, P (Editor), 2011.
The ClimateCost Project. Final Report. Volume
1: Europe. Published by the Stockholm Environment
Institute, Sweden, 2011. ISBN 978-91-86125-35-6.
Download
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5
– Health
Kovats,
S, Lloyd, S, Hunt, A and Watkiss, P. (2011).
Technical Policy Briefing Note 5: The Impacts and
Economic Costs on Health in Europe and the Costs and
Benefits of Adaptation, Results of the EC RTD
ClimateCost Project. In Watkiss, P (Editor), 2011.
The ClimateCost Project. Final Report. Volume 1:
Europe. Published by the Stockholm Environment
Institute, Sweden, 2011. ISBN 978-91-86125-35-6.
Download
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6
– Ancillary Air Quality Benefits
Holland,
M., Amann, M., Heyes, C., Rafaj, P., Schöpp, W.
Hunt, A., and Watkiss, P. (2011). The
Reduction in Air Quality Impacts and Associated
Economic Benefits of Mitigation Policy. Summary of
Results from the EC RTD ClimateCost Project.
In Watkiss, P (Editor), 2011.
The ClimateCost Project. Final Report. Volume
1: Europe. Published by the Stockholm Environment
Institute, Sweden, 2011. ISBN 978-91-86125-35-6.
Download
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7
- Major Events and Tipping Elements
Downing,
TE and Butterfield, RE (2012). Extreme Outcomes:
Prospects for major tipping and socially contingent
events and associated economic and social costs.
Summary of cross-sectoral results from the
ClimateCost project funded by the European
Community’s Seventh Framework Programme. Technical
Policy Briefing Note 7. Oxford: Stockholm
Environment Institute.
Download
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| Scoping
Study |
Scoping
Study: Reviewing
the Coverage of Economic Impacts in the CCRA - Committee on
Climate Change Adaptation Sub-Committee
This
study reviewed the economic coverage of the CCRA. This
report developed a matrix to assess the economic coverage of
climate change studies and applied to the UK CCRA. The study
found that most of the quantified analysis was focused on
direct UK domestic impacts.
It also reviewed the potential costs in other areas,
and made recommendations for future CCRAs.
Download
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| CCRA |
Climate
Change Risk Assessment (CCRA) / Adaptation Economic
Assessment (AEA) - UK Department
for Environment Food
and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)
The
Climate Change Risk Assessment (CCRA) drew together the
evidence and analysis on the risks posed by climate change
for the UK. It was also accompanied by an additional
Adaptation Economic Assessment (AEA), which outlined the
potential adaptation options to respond to these risks.
PWA
jointly led the scoping study on the CCRA/AEA, the valuation
of CCRA risks and method development for the AEA.
Open
link in new window
Method
for the Adaptation Economic Assessment.
Paul Watkiss and Alistair Hunt.
Deliverable 2.2.1:
CCRA Method: Method for Adaptation Economic
Assessment. May 2011.
Download
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| UNFCCC |
UNFCCC
Costs and Benefits of Adaptation:
A
review of existing literature. Technical paper - UNFCCC
This
technical paper – jointly authored by Anil Markandya and
Paul Wakiss - reviewed the methodological issues and current
state of evidence on the costs and benefits of adaptation.
The
report is available at - unfccc.int/resource/docs/2009/tp/02.pdf
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| EEA |
EEA
Costs of Inaction and Costs of Adaptation
2006-7.
Costs of Inaction and Costs of Adaptation.
European Environment Agency.
This
study investigated the methodological issues with the costs
of climate change and the costs of adaptation, and reporting
on the state of impacts and economic costs from climate
change in Europe.
The
report is available at
http://reports.eea.europa.eu/technical_report_2007_13/en
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